目錄一、案例知識點(diǎn)概述二、準(zhǔn)備工作三、核心功能模塊四、完整代碼五、運(yùn)行效果一、案例知識點(diǎn)概述

（一）使用到的python庫

使用pygame庫、random庫和os、sys等系統(tǒng)庫。

其中：pygame庫實(shí)現(xiàn)主體功能，提供窗口界面顯示、動(dòng)態(tài)效果展示等random庫實(shí)現(xiàn)隨機(jī)數(shù)的生成，通過隨機(jī)數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)百葉窗的上下左右選擇、百葉窗的數(shù)量選擇等功能。 os庫實(shí)現(xiàn)圖片資源的裝載和讀取。sys庫實(shí)現(xiàn)退出操作等。

（二） 整體實(shí)現(xiàn)邏輯

通過WIDTH = 600 和 HEIGHT = 600設(shè)置窗口的高度和寬度通過runimage 和 nextimage 設(shè)置當(dāng)前顯示的圖像和下一張要顯示的圖像通過num_part = random.randint(3,8)來設(shè)置要顯示的百葉窗的數(shù)量通過num_list = []保存當(dāng)前runimage拆分出來的百葉窗的surface資源，用于在百葉窗動(dòng)態(tài)效果過程中顯示。通過choose來設(shè)置是上下運(yùn)動(dòng)還是左右運(yùn)動(dòng)。

二、準(zhǔn)備工作

（一）實(shí)現(xiàn)pygame的主窗口

import pygame,syspygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 500))pygame.display.set_caption(’大小框展示’)fcclock = pygame.time.Clock()while True: for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT or event.type == pygame.K_F1: pygame.quit() sys.exit() fcclock.tick(60) pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口

黑黑的框，不截圖了。大家都懂。

（二）貼個(gè)圖顯示得好看點(diǎn)

import pygame,syspygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 500))pygame.display.set_caption(’大小框展示’)fcclock = pygame.time.Clock()img = pygame.image.load(’./image/aerial-alpine-ceresole-reale-desktop-backgrounds-1562.jpg’).convert_alpha()img = pygame.transform.scale(img, (500, 500))while True: for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT or event.type == pygame.K_F1: pygame.quit() sys.exit() screen.blit(img,(0,0)) fcclock.tick(60) pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口

（三）圖片從哪里來

這里建議直接通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)上下載免費(fèi)的、好看的圖片，并保存在指定的文件夾，用于過程中展現(xiàn)。

我認(rèn)為有三種方法：

其一：使用爬蟲技術(shù)從網(wǎng)上下載圖片，可以開一個(gè)子線程負(fù)責(zé)采集網(wǎng)上圖片，然后加載到list列表中；其二：可以直接對電腦中所有的盤進(jìn)行自動(dòng)檢索，然后加載到list列表中； 其三：指定目錄，然后加載到list列表中；我這里偷個(gè)懶，選擇第三種方法實(shí)現(xiàn)。

具體實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼如下：

path = ’./image/’ files = [] dirs = os.listdir(path) for diretion in dirs:files.append(path + diretion)

（四）圖片裝載

我為什么在初始化的時(shí)候就進(jìn)行裝載呢？

原因是：解決效率問題，無需每次使用時(shí)重復(fù)加載，而且在初始化的時(shí)候就適配屏幕大小進(jìn)行圖片縮放。

因此，我把這個(gè)過程打包成一個(gè)函數(shù)，方便后續(xù)調(diào)用，而且參數(shù)傳遞為：屏幕的大小。然后返回bglist對象。

for file in files: picture = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(file), (1440, 900)) dSurface = picture # dSurface = pygame.image.load(file).convert() bglist.append(dSurface)

OK，圖片有了，窗口有了，那么就開始實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的業(yè)務(wù)邏輯吧。

三、核心功能模塊

（一）實(shí)現(xiàn)init_image函數(shù)初始化加載圖片到surface對象

def init_image(): path = ’./image/’ files = [] dirs = os.listdir(path) for diretion in dirs:files.append(path + diretion) for file in files:picture = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(file), (WIDTH, HEIGHT))dSurface = picture# dSurface = pygame.image.load(file).convert()bglist.append(dSurface)

（二）初始化相關(guān)變量

runimage = Nonenextimage = Noneflag = False # FALSE沒有切屏 TRUE 切屏flag2 = Falsechoose = 6num_part = random.randint(3,8) # 記錄分成多少塊矩形框num_list = []num_increse = 1inc = random.choice([-1,1])while num_increse<=num_part: inc = -inc num_list.append(inc) num_increse += 1

這里，建議大家思考一下為什么要引入變量flag和flag2

（三）每次百葉窗切換完之后重置

def reset(): global flag,runimage,nextimage,flag2,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list flag = False # FALSE沒有切屏 TRUE 切屏 flag2 = False choose = random.randint(6,7) if nextimage is None:nextimage = random.choice(bglist) if runimage is None:runimage = random.choice(bglist) else:runimage = nextimagenextimage = random.choice(bglist) num_part = random.randint(3,8) # 記錄分成多少塊矩形框 num_list = [] num_increse = 1 inc = random.choice([-1,1]) while num_increse <= num_part:inc = -incnum_list.append(inc)num_increse += 1

（四）實(shí)現(xiàn)百葉窗動(dòng)態(tài)切換的run函數(shù)

def run(): global flag,runimage,flag2,nextimage,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list reset() while True:for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT or event.type == pygame.K_F1:pygame.quit()sys.exit() if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: pygame.quit() sys.exit()if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: if flag is False:# FALSE沒有切屏 TRUE 切屏flag = Trueflag2 = Falsescreen.fill((255, 255, 255)) # 設(shè)置背景為白色if flag: if choose==6:select_rect = []kk = 0while kk < num_part: tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(kk * WIDTH/num_part,0,WIDTH/num_part,HEIGHT) select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy()) kk += 1screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0))mm = 0for each in zip(select_rect,num_list): if each[1]==1:screen.blit(each[0], (i+mm*WIDTH/num_part, -j)) else:screen.blit(each[0], (i+mm*WIDTH/num_part, j)) mm += 1j += stepif j >= HEIGHT: flag2 = True elif choose==7:select_rect = []kk = 0while kk < num_part: tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(0,kk * HEIGHT/num_part,WIDTH,HEIGHT/num_part) select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy()) kk += 1screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0))mm = 0for each in zip(select_rect,num_list): if each[1]==1:screen.blit(each[0], (-i, j+mm*HEIGHT/num_part)) else:screen.blit(each[0], (i, j+mm*HEIGHT/num_part)) mm += 1i += stepif i >= WIDTH: flag2 = Trueelse: screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0)) screen.blit(runimage, (0, 0))if flag2: reset()fcclock.tick(fps)pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口

（五）主函數(shù)

if __name__ == ’__main__’: init_image() run()四、完整代碼

import sys, pygameimport osimport randompygame.init() # 初始化pygame類WIDTH = 600HEIGHT = 600screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT)) # 設(shè)置窗口大小pygame.display.set_caption(’美麗的屏保’) # 設(shè)置窗口標(biāo)題tick = pygame.time.Clock()fps = 60 # 設(shè)置刷新率，數(shù)字越大刷新率越高fcclock = pygame.time.Clock()runimage = Nonenextimage = Noneflag = False # FALSE沒有切屏 TRUE 切屏flag2 = Falsechoose = 6num_part = random.randint(3,8) # 記錄分成多少塊矩形框num_list = []num_increse = 1inc = random.choice([-1,1])while num_increse<=num_part: inc = -inc num_list.append(inc) num_increse += 1def init_image(): path = ’./image/’ files = [] dirs = os.listdir(path) for diretion in dirs:files.append(path + diretion) for file in files:picture = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(file), (WIDTH, HEIGHT))dSurface = picturebglist.append(dSurface)def reset(): global flag,runimage,nextimage,flag2,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list flag = False # FALSE沒有切屏 TRUE 切屏 flag2 = False i = 0 j = 0 choose = random.randint(6,7) if nextimage is None:nextimage = random.choice(bglist) if runimage is None:runimage = random.choice(bglist) else:runimage = nextimagenextimage = random.choice(bglist) num_part = random.randint(3,8) # 記錄分成多少塊矩形框 num_list = [] num_increse = 1 inc = random.choice([-1,1]) while num_increse <= num_part:inc = -incnum_list.append(inc)num_increse += 1def run(): global flag,runimage,flag2,nextimage,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list reset() while True:for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT or event.type == pygame.K_F1:pygame.quit()sys.exit() if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: pygame.quit() sys.exit()if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: if flag is False:# FALSE沒有切屏 TRUE 切屏flag = Trueflag2 = Falsescreen.fill((255, 255, 255)) # 設(shè)置背景為白色if flag: if choose==6:select_rect = []kk = 0while kk < num_part: tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(kk * WIDTH/num_part,0,WIDTH/num_part,HEIGHT) select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy()) kk += 1screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0))mm = 0for each in zip(select_rect,num_list): if each[1]==1:screen.blit(each[0], (i+mm*WIDTH/num_part, -j)) else:screen.blit(each[0], (i+mm*WIDTH/num_part, j)) mm += 1j += stepif j >= HEIGHT: flag2 = True elif choose==7:select_rect = []kk = 0while kk < num_part: tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(0,kk * HEIGHT/num_part,WIDTH,HEIGHT/num_part) select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy()) kk += 1screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0))mm = 0for each in zip(select_rect,num_list): if each[1]==1:screen.blit(each[0], (-i, j+mm*HEIGHT/num_part)) else:screen.blit(each[0], (i, j+mm*HEIGHT/num_part)) mm += 1i += stepif i >= WIDTH: flag2 = Trueelse: screen.blit(nextimage, (0, 0)) screen.blit(runimage, (0, 0))if flag2: reset()fcclock.tick(fps)pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口if __name__ == ’__main__’: init_image() run()五、運(yùn)行效果

OK，寫完，其實(shí)還是蠻有趣的，大家可以自動(dòng)動(dòng)手敲敲，也許比我寫的更好。

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