用Python實現(xiàn)定時備份Mongodb數(shù)據(jù)并上傳到FTP服務(wù)器
實現(xiàn)的功能：在win7下，每天晚上1點，自動將 F:/data中所有文件進行壓縮，以[mongodb+日期]命名，將壓縮好的文件存儲在本地目錄 F:MongoDbData，然后將這個壓縮好的文件上傳到ftp://192.168.0.101/MongoDBup/目錄下
分三步：
第一步：搭建FTP服務(wù)器，配置好FTP環(huán)境。 第二步：用python編寫壓縮文件并實現(xiàn)FTP上傳的腳本第三步：使用win7自帶的任務(wù)計劃程序定時執(zhí)行python腳本
1. 環(huán)境Python：3.6.1Python IDE：pycharm系統(tǒng)：win7
2. 搭建FTP服務(wù)器，配置好FTP環(huán)境2.1. 啟用FTP和IIS服務(wù)器
注意：要全部展開，勾選上。
2.2. 添加FTP服務(wù)器
# python3.6.1import zipfileimport osimport datetimefrom ftplib import FTP3.2. 定義配置信息：
# 定義配置信息srcFolder = r'F:Data' # 被壓縮的源數(shù)據(jù)，文件夾形式desFolder = r’F:MongoDbData’ # 壓縮好的數(shù)據(jù)臨時存放的位置ftp_url = '192.168.0.101' # FTP服務(wù)器地址ftp_port = 21 # FTP服務(wù)端口號ftpUploadFolder = 'MongoDBup' # 壓縮數(shù)據(jù)在FTP服務(wù)器上存放的位置3.3. 壓縮數(shù)據(jù)源（文件夾）：
# 壓縮文件夾def zipFolder(srcFolder, desFolder, date): ’’’ :param srcFolder: 被壓縮的源數(shù)據(jù)位置 :param desFolder: 壓縮之后文件的存放路徑 :param date: 執(zhí)行壓縮的當前時間，datetime產(chǎn)生(ext:2017-08-16 14:56:40.872613) :return: 壓縮文件的路徑 ’’’ startTime = datetime.datetime.now() print(f'Enter func zipFolder, time:{startTime}') desName = f'{desFolder}mongodb{date.year}{date.month}{date.day}.zip' # 檢查是否已經(jīng)壓縮過了 if os.path.exists(desName): endTime = datetime.datetime.now() print(f'Already exsist, leave func zipFolder, time:{endTime}, usedTime:{endTime-startTime}') return desName z = zipfile.ZipFile(desName, ’w’, zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(srcFolder): print(f'dirpath:{dirpath}, dirnames:{dirnames}, filenames:{filenames}') for filename in filenames: try:# Mongodb在運行時，有幾個關(guān)于lock的文件無法壓縮，為了避免程序終止，忽略這幾個文件z.write(os.path.join(dirpath, filename)) except Exception as e:print(f'except: {e}, cannot zip file: {dirpath}{filename}') z.close() endTime = datetime.datetime.now() print(f'zip done, leave func zipFolder, time:{endTime}, usedTime:{endTime-startTime}') return desName3.4. 文件上傳到FTP服務(wù)器上：
# 上傳文件至FTP服務(wù)器def ftpUpload(filename, folder, ftp_url, ftp_port): ’’’ :param filename: 待上傳文件路徑 :param folder: 文件上傳至FTP服務(wù)器上的存儲目錄 :param ftp_url: FTP服務(wù)器IP :param ftp_port: 端口號,默認為21 :return: status code ’’’ startTime = datetime.datetime.now() print(f'Enter func ftpUpload, time:{startTime}') ftp = FTP() ftp.set_debuglevel(2) # set debug level, detail info:2, close:0 ftp.connect(ftp_url, ftp_port) ftp.login(’’, ’’) # 登錄,如果匿名登錄則用空串代替 print(ftp.getwelcome()) # ext: *welcome* ’220 Microsoft FTP Service’ ftp.cwd(folder) # Change to a directory on FTP server bufsize = 1024 # 設(shè)置緩沖塊大小 file_handler = open(filename, ’rb’) # 讀模式在本地打開文件 res = -1 try: # 為了避免程序終止，忽略可能出現(xiàn)的錯誤 res = ftp.storbinary(f'STOR {os.path.basename(filename)}', file_handler, bufsize) # upload file except Exception as e: print(f'except: {e}, cannot upload file: {ftp_url}:{ftp_port} {filename}') finally: ftp.set_debuglevel(0) # 關(guān)閉debug信息 file_handler.close() ftp.quit() endTime = datetime.datetime.now() print(f'Upload done, leave func ftpUpload, time:{endTime}, usedTime:{endTime-startTime}') return res3.5. 主程序：
# mainbackupTime = datetime.datetime.now()zip_des_name = zipFolder(srcFolder, desFolder, backupTime)print(zip_des_name)ftp_res = ftpUpload(zip_des_name, ftpUploadFolder, ftp_url, ftp_port)print(f'ftp_res: {ftp_res}')4. 使用win7自帶的任務(wù)計劃程序定時執(zhí)行python腳本
位置：開始 ——> 附件 ——> 系統(tǒng)工具 ——> 任務(wù)計劃程序
不需要時，右鍵——>刪除任務(wù) 即可
5. 效果5.1. 本地生成的壓縮文件
日志信息：
源文件data總共8.7G，壓縮后5.3G，壓縮時間20m，局域網(wǎng)內(nèi)上傳時間18m。
E:Minicondapython.exe E:/PyCharmCode/Justtest/bak.pyEnter func zipFolder, time:2017-08-16 19:48:39.331200dirpath:F:Data, dirnames:[’diagnostic.data’, ’journal’], filenames:[’collection-0--394122179086539486.wt’, ’collection-102--394122179086539486.wt’, ’collection-104--394122179086539486.wt’, ’collection-106--394122179086539486.wt’, ’collection-108--394122179086539486.wt’], ’_mdb_catalog.wt’]except: [Errno 13] Permission denied: ’F:Datamongod.lock’, cannot zip file: F:Datamongod.lockexcept: [Errno 13] Permission denied, cannot zip file: F:DataWiredTiger.lockdirpath:F:Datadiagnostic.data, dirnames:[], filenames:[’metrics.2017-08-04T07-04-29Z-00000’, ’metrics.2017-08-05T10-47-22Z-00000’, ’metrics.2017-08-06T14-52-22Z-00000’, ’metrics.2017-08-07T18-17-22Z-00000’, ’metrics.2017-08-15T06-09-26Z-00000’, ’metrics.2017-08-16T09-51-29Z-00000’]dirpath:F:Datajournal, dirnames:[], filenames:[’WiredTigerLog.0000000247’, ’WiredTigerPreplog.0000000006’, ’WiredTigerPreplog.0000000007’, ’WiredTigerPreplog.0000000008’]zip done, leave func zipFolder, time:2017-08-16 20:08:22.728200, usedTime:0:19:43.397000F:MongoDbDatamongodb2017816.zipEnter func ftpUpload, time:2017-08-16 20:08:22.728200*get* ’220 Microsoft FTP Servicen’*resp* ’220 Microsoft FTP Service’*cmd* ’USER anonymous’*put* ’USER anonymousrn’*get* ’331 Anonymous access allowed, send identity (e-mail name) as password.n’*resp* ’331 Anonymous access allowed, send identity (e-mail name) as password.’*cmd* ’PASS **********’*put* ’PASS **********rn’*get* ’230 User logged in.n’*resp* ’230 User logged in.’*welcome* ’220 Microsoft FTP Service’220 Microsoft FTP Service*cmd* ’CWD MongoDBup’*put* ’CWD MongoDBuprn’*get* ’250 CWD command successful.n’*resp* ’250 CWD command successful.’*cmd* ’TYPE I’*put* ’TYPE Irn’*get* ’200 Type set to I.n’*resp* ’200 Type set to I.’*cmd* ’PASV’*put* ’PASVrn’*get* ’227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,0,101,11,221).n’*resp* ’227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,0,101,11,221).’*cmd* ’STOR mongodb2017816.zip’*put* ’STOR mongodb2017816.ziprn’*get* ’125 Data connection already open; Transfer starting.n’*resp* ’125 Data connection already open; Transfer starting.’*get* ’226 Transfer complete.n’*resp* ’226 Transfer complete.’Upload done, leave func ftpUpload, time:2017-08-16 20:26:20.125200, usedTime:0:17:57.397000ftp_res: 226 Transfer complete.
6. 注意事項 6.1. FTP服務(wù)器IP地址變更處理6.1.1. 第一步，修改FTP服務(wù)器站點配置。
6.1.2. 第二步，修改代碼中FTP登錄IP
ftp.connect('172.16.7.107', 21)
6.1.3. 出錯信息 如果只是單純按照6.1.2 修改登錄IP，沒有修改FTP服務(wù)器站點設(shè)置的話，將會出現(xiàn)如下莫名其妙的錯誤：
enter ftpUpload*get* ’’Traceback (most recent call last): File 'AutoBackupMongoTest.py', line 64, in <module> ftp_res = ftpUpload(zip_des_name, ftpUploadFolder) File 'AutoBackupMongoTest.py', line 42, in ftpUpload ftp.connect(’172.16.7.107’, 21) File 'E:Minicondalibftplib.py', line 155, in connect self.welcome = self.getresp() File 'E:Minicondalibftplib.py', line 234, in getresp resp = self.getmultiline() File 'E:Minicondalibftplib.py', line 220, in getmultiline line = self.getline() File 'E:Minicondalibftplib.py', line 208, in getline raise EOFErrorEOFError
或者是如下錯誤：
enter ftpUploadTraceback (most recent call last): File 'AutoBackupMongoTest.py', line 63, in <module> ftp_res = ftpUpload(zip_des_name, ftpUploadFolder) File 'AutoBackupMongoTest.py', line 41, in ftpUpload ftp.connect('192.168.0.101', 21) File 'E:Minicondalibftplib.py', line 152, in connect source_address=self.source_address) File 'E:Minicondalibsocket.py', line 722, in create_connection raise err File 'E:Minicondalibsocket.py', line 713, in create_connection sock.connect(sa)TimeoutError: [WinError 10060] 由于連接方在一段時間后沒有正確答復或連接的主機沒有反應(yīng)，連接嘗試失敗。
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