如何在Oracle里設(shè)置訪問多個(gè)SQL Server數(shù)據(jù)庫？假設(shè)我們要在Oracle里同時(shí)能訪問SQL Server里默認(rèn)的pubs和Northwind兩個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫。 1、在安裝了Oracle9i Standard Edition或者Oracle9i Enterprise Edition的windows機(jī)器上(IP:192.168.0.2), 產(chǎn)品要選了透明網(wǎng)關(guān)(Oracle Transparent Gateway)里訪問Microsoft SQL Server數(shù)據(jù)庫 ORACLE9I_HOMEtg4msqladmin下新寫initpubs.ora和initnorthwind.ora配置文件.initpubs.ora內(nèi)容如下:HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO='SERVER=SQLSERVER_HOSTNMAE;DATABASE=pubs'HS_DB_NAME=pubsHS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFFHS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVERHS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVERinitnorthwind.ora內(nèi)容如下:HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO='SERVER=sqlserver_hostname;DATABASE=Northwind'HS_DB_NAME=NorthwindHS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFFHS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVERHS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVER$ORACLE9I_HOMEnetworkadmin 下listener.ora內(nèi)容如下:LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) )SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = test9) (ORACLE_HOME = d:oracleora92) (SID_NAME = test9) ) (SID_DESC= (SID_NAME=pubs) (ORACLE_HOME=d:OracleOra92) (PROGRAM=tg4msql) ) (SID_DESC= (SID_NAME=northwind) (ORACLE_HOME=d:OracleOra92) (PROGRAM=tg4msql) ) )重啟動(dòng)這臺(tái)做gateway的Windows機(jī)器上(IP:192.168.0.2)TNSListener服務(wù)(凡是按此步驟新增可訪問的SQL Server數(shù)據(jù)庫時(shí)，TNSListener服務(wù)都要重啟動(dòng))。 2、Oracle8i，Oracle9i的服務(wù)器端配置tnsnames.ora, 添加下面的內(nèi)容: pubs = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = pubs) ) (HS = pubs) ) northwind = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = northwind) ) (HS = northwind) ) 保存tnsnames.ora后,在命令行下 tnsping pubs tnsping northwind出現(xiàn)類似提示，即為成功: Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = pubs)) (HS = pubs))OK（20毫秒）Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = northwind)) (HS = northwind))OK（20毫秒）設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)庫參數(shù)global_names=false。 設(shè)置global_names=false不要求建立的數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接和目的數(shù)據(jù)庫的全局名稱一致。global_names=true則要求, 多少有些不方便。 oracle9i和oracle8i都可以在DBA用戶下用SQL命令改變global_names參數(shù) alter system set global_names=false;建立公有的數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接: create public database link pubs connect to testuser identified by testuser_pwd using 'pubs';create public database link northwind connect to testuser identified by testuser_pwd using 'northwind';(假設(shè)SQL Server下pubs和northwind已有足夠權(quán)限的用戶登陸testuser,密碼為testuser_pwd)訪問SQL Server下數(shù)據(jù)庫里的數(shù)據(jù): select * from stores@pubs;...... ......select * from region@northwind;...... ......3、使用時(shí)的注重事項(xiàng) ORACLE通過訪問SQL Server的數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接時(shí)，用select * 的時(shí)候字段名是用雙引號(hào)引起來的。 例如： create table stores as select * from stores@pubs;select zip from stores；ERROR 位于第 1 行:ORA-00904: 無效列名select 'zip' from stores;zip-----980569278996745980149001989076已選擇6行,用SQL Navigator或Toad看從SQL Server轉(zhuǎn)移到ORACLE里的表的建表語句為: CREATE TABLE stores ('stor_id' CHAR(4) NOT NULL, 'stor_name'VARCHAR2(40), 'stor_address' VARCHAR2(40), 'city' VARCHAR2(20), 'state' CHAR(2), 'zip' CHAR(5)) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 TABLESPACE users STORAGE ( INITIAL 131072 NEXT131072 PCTINCREASE 0 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 )/總結(jié): Windows下Oracle9i網(wǎng)關(guān)服務(wù)器在$Oracle9i_HOMEtg4msqladmin目錄下的initsqlserver_databaseid.ora。Windows下Oracle9i網(wǎng)關(guān)服務(wù)器listener.ora里面： (SID_DESC= (SID_NAME=sqlserver_databaseid) (ORACLE_HOME=d:OracleOra92) (PROGRAM=tg4msql) ) UNIX或WINDOWS下ORACLE8I,ORACLE9I服務(wù)器tnsnames.ora里面northwind = (DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS_LIST =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521)) )(CONNECT_DATA =(SID = sqlserver_databaseid) )(HS = sqlserver_databaseid) )需要sqlserver_databaseid一致才行。