我給大家?guī)淼氖?50行代碼，生成一張素描圖。讓自己也是一個素描“大師”。那廢話不多說，我們直接先來看看效果吧。

上圖的右邊就是我們的效果，那具體有哪些步驟呢？

對于上面的流程來說是非常簡單的，接下來我們來看看具體的實(shí)現(xiàn)。

安裝所需要的庫：

pip install opencv-python

導(dǎo)入所需要的庫：

import cv2

編寫主體代碼也是非常的簡單的，代碼如下：

import cv2SRC = ’images/image_1.jpg’image_rgb = cv2.imread(SRC)image_gray = cv2.cvtColor(image_rgb, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)image_blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(image_gray, ksize=(21, 21), sigmaX=0, sigmaY=0)image_blend = cv2.divide(image_gray, image_blur, scale=255)cv2.imwrite(’result.jpg’, image_blend)

那上面的代碼其實(shí)并不難，那接下來為了讓小伙伴們能更好的理解，我編寫了如下代碼：

'''project = ’Code’, file_name = ’study.py’, author = ’AI悅創(chuàng)’time = ’2020/5/19 8:35’, product_name = PyCharm, 公眾號：AI悅創(chuàng)code is far away from bugs with the god animal protecting I love animals. They taste delicious.'''import cv2# 原圖路徑SRC = ’images/image_1.jpg’# 讀取圖片image_rgb = cv2.imread(SRC)# cv2.imshow(’rgb’, image_rgb) # 原圖# cv2.waitKey(0)# exit()image_gray = cv2.cvtColor(image_rgb, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)# cv2.imshow(’gray’, image_gray) # 灰度圖# cv2.waitKey(0)# exit()image_bulr = cv2.GaussianBlur(image_gray, ksize=(21, 21), sigmaX=0, sigmaY=0)cv2.imshow(’image_blur’, image_bulr) # 高斯虛化cv2.waitKey(0)exit()# divide: 提取兩張差別較大的線條和內(nèi)容image_blend = cv2.divide(image_gray, image_bulr, scale=255)# cv2.imshow(’image_blend’, image_blend) # 素描cv2.waitKey(0)# cv2.imwrite(’result1.jpg’, image_blend)

那上面的代碼，我們是在原有的基礎(chǔ)上添加了，一些實(shí)時展示的代碼，來方便同學(xué)們理解。其實(shí)有同學(xué)會問，我用軟件不就可以直接生成素描圖嗎？那程序的好處是什么？程序的好處就是如果你的圖片量多的話，這個時候使用程序批量生成也是非常方便高效的。這樣我們的就完成，把小姐姐的圖片變成了素描，skr~。

不過，這還不是我們的海量圖片，為了達(dá)到海量這個詞呢，我寫了一個百度圖片爬蟲，不過本文不是教如何寫爬蟲代碼的，這里我就直接放出爬蟲代碼，符和軟件工程規(guī)范：

# Crawler.Spider.pyimport reimport osimport timeimport collectionsfrom collections import namedtupleimport requestsfrom concurrent import futuresfrom tqdm import tqdmfrom enum import EnumBASE_URL = ’https://image.baidu.com/search/acjson?tn=resultjson_com&ipn=rj&ct=201326592&is=&fp=result&queryWord={keyword}&cl=2&lm=-1&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&adpicid=&st=-1&z=&ic=&hd=&latest=©right=&word={keyword}&s=&se=&tab=&width=&height=&face=0&istype=2&qc=&nc=1&fr=&expermode=&force=&pn={page}&rn=30&gsm=&1568638554041=’HEADERS = { ’Referer’: ’http://image.baidu.com/search/index?tn=baiduimage&ipn=r&ct=201326592&cl=2&lm=-1&st=-1&fr=&sf=1&fmq=1567133149621_R&pv=&ic=0&nc=1&z=0&hd=0&latest=0©right=0&se=1&showtab=0&fb=0&width=&height=&face=0&istype=2&ie=utf-8&sid=&word=%E5%A3%81%E7%BA%B8’, ’User-Agent’: ’Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.100 Safari/537.36’, ’X-Requested-With’: ’XMLHttpRequest’, }class BaiDuSpider: def __init__(self, max_works, images_type): self.max_works = max_works self.HTTPStatus = Enum(’Status’, [’ok’, ’not_found’, ’error’]) self.result = namedtuple(’Result’, ’status data’) self.session = requests.session() self.img_type = images_type self.img_num = None self.headers = HEADERS self.index = 1 def get_img(self, img_url): res = self.session.get(img_url) if res.status_code != 200: res.raise_for_status() return res.content def download_one(self, img_url, verbose): try: image = self.get_img(img_url) except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as e: res = e.response if res.status_code == 404: status = self.HTTPStatus.not_found msg = ’not_found’ else: raise else: self.save_img(self.img_type, image) status = self.HTTPStatus.ok msg = ’ok’ if verbose: print(img_url, msg) return self.result(status, msg) def get_img_url(self): urls = [BASE_URL.format(keyword=self.img_type, page=page) for page in self.img_num] for url in urls: res = self.session.get(url, headers=self.headers) if res.status_code == 200: img_list = re.findall(r’'thumbURL':'(.*?)'’, res.text) # 返回出圖片地址，配合其他函數(shù)運(yùn)行 yield {img_url for img_url in img_list} elif res.status_code == 404: print(’-----訪問失敗，找不到資源-----’) yield None elif res.status_code == 403: print(’*****訪問失敗，服務(wù)器拒絕訪問*****’) yield None else: print(’>>> 網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接失敗 <<<’) yield None def download_many(self, img_url_set, verbose=False): if img_url_set: counter = collections.Counter() with futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(self.max_works) as executor: to_do_map = {} for img in img_url_set: future = executor.submit(self.download_one, img, verbose) to_do_map[future] = img done_iter = futures.as_completed(to_do_map) if not verbose: done_iter = tqdm(done_iter, total=len(img_url_set)) for future in done_iter: try: res = future.result() except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as e: error_msg = ’HTTP error {res.status_code} - {res.reason}’ error_msg = error_msg.format(res=e.response) except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: error_msg = ’ConnectionError error’ else: error_msg = ’’ status = res.statusif error_msg: status = self.HTTPStatus.errorcounter[status] += 1if verbose and error_msg: img = to_do_map[future] print(’***Error for {} : {}’.format(img, error_msg)) return counter else: pass def save_img(self, img_type, image): with open(’{}/{}.jpg’.format(img_type, self.index), ’wb’) as f: f.write(image) self.index += 1 def what_want2download(self): # self.img_type = input(’請輸入你想下載的圖片類型，什么都可以哦~ >>> ’) try: os.mkdir(self.img_type) except FileExistsError: pass img_num = input(’請輸入要下載的數(shù)量(1位數(shù)代表30張，列如輸入1就是下載30張，2就是60張)：>>> ’) while True: if img_num.isdigit(): img_num = int(img_num) * 30 self.img_num = range(30, img_num + 1, 30) break else: img_num = input(’輸入錯誤，請重新輸入要下載的數(shù)量>>> ’) def main(self): # 獲取圖片類型和下載的數(shù)量 total_counter = {} self.what_want2download() for img_url_set in self.get_img_url(): if img_url_set: counter = self.download_many(img_url_set, False) for key in counter: if key in total_counter: total_counter[key] += counter[key] else: total_counter[key] = counter[key] else: # 可以為其添加報(bào)錯功能 pass time.sleep(.5) return total_counterif __name__ == ’__main__’: max_works = 20 bd_spider = BaiDuSpider(max_works) print(bd_spider.main())

# Sketch_the_generated_code.pyimport cv2def drawing(src, id=None): image_rgb = cv2.imread(src) image_gray = cv2.cvtColor(image_rgb, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY) image_blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(image_gray, ksize=(21, 21), sigmaX=0, sigmaY=0) image_blend = cv2.divide(image_gray, image_blur, scale=255) cv2.imwrite(f’Drawing_images/result-{id}.jpg’, image_blend)

# image_list.image_list_path.pyimport osfrom natsort import natsortedIMAGES_LIST = []def image_list(path): global IMAGES_LIST for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path): # 按文件名排序 # files.sort() files = natsorted(files) # 遍歷所有文件 for file in files: # 如果后綴名為 .jpg if os.path.splitext(file)[1] == ’.jpg’: # 拼接成完整路徑 # print(file) filePath = os.path.join(root, file) print(filePath) # 添加到數(shù)組 IMAGES_LIST.append(filePath) return IMAGES_LIST

# main.pyimport timefrom Sketch_the_generated_code import drawingfrom Crawler.Spider import BaiDuSpiderfrom image_list.image_list_path import image_listimport osMAX_WORDS = 20if __name__ == ’__main__’: # now_path = os.getcwd() # img_type = ’ai’ img_type = input(’請輸入你想下載的圖片類型，什么都可以哦~ >>> ’) bd_spider = BaiDuSpider(MAX_WORDS, img_type) print(bd_spider.main()) time.sleep(10) # 這里設(shè)置睡眠時間，讓有足夠的時間去添加，這樣讀取就，去掉或者太短會報(bào)錯，所以 for index, path in enumerate(image_list(img_type)): drawing(src = path, id = index)

所以最終的目錄結(jié)構(gòu)如下所示：

C:.│ main.py│ Sketch_the_generated_code.py│├─Crawler│ │ Spider.py│ ││ └─__pycache__│ Spider.cpython-37.pyc│├─drawing│ │ result.jpg│ │ result1.jpg│ │ Sketch_the_generated_code.py│ │ study.py│ ││ ├─images│ │ image_1.jpg│ ││ └─__pycache__│ Sketch_the_generated_code.cpython-37.pyc│├─Drawing_images├─image_list│ │ image_list_path.py│ ││ └─__pycache__│ image_list_path.cpython-37.pyc│└─__pycache__Sketch_the_generated_code.cpython-37.pyc

至此，全部代碼已經(jīng)完成。

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