1.概述

1、Spring 是輕量級的開源的 JavaEE 框架

2、 Spring 可以解決企業應用開發的復雜性

3、Spring 有兩個核心部分：IOC 和 Aop

IOC：控制反轉，把創建對象過程交給 Spring 進行管理Aop：面向切面，不修改源代碼進行功能增強

4、Spring 特點

方便解耦，簡化開發Aop 編程支持方便程序測試方便和其他框架進行整合方便進行事務操作降低 API 開發難度 2.入門Demo

1.jar包引入

<project xmlns='http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0' xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xsi:schemaLocation='http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd'> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>cn.zj.springDemo</groupId> <artifactId>springDemo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <description>spring的入門demo</description> <dependencies><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>5.3.6</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>5.3.6</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.3.6</version></dependency> </dependencies></project>

2.bean

package cn.zj.demo.bean;public class User { public void add() {System.out.println('add....'); } }

3.spring的xml配置

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><beans xmlns='http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans' xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xsi:schemaLocation='http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd'> <!--1 配置User對象創建--> <bean class='cn.zj.demo.bean.User'></bean> </beans>

4.測試代碼

package cn.zj.demo.test;import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import cn.zj.demo.bean.User;public class SpringTest { @Test public void testAdd() {// 1 加載 spring 配置文件ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext('bean1.xml');// 2 獲取配置創建的對象User user = context.getBean('user', User.class);System.out.println(user);user.add(); }}

5.輸出

cn.zj.demo.bean.User@24111ef1add....3.源碼

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext('bean1.xml');public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( String[] configLocations, boolean refresh, @Nullable ApplicationContext parent) throws BeansException {super(parent);setConfigLocations(configLocations);if (refresh) { refresh();} }

public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) { StartupStep contextRefresh = this.applicationStartup.start('spring.context.refresh'); //容器刷新前的準備，設置上下文狀態，獲取屬性，驗證必要的屬性等 prepareRefresh(); //獲取新的beanFactory，銷毀原有beanFactory、為每個bean生成BeanDefinition等 ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory(); // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context. prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory); try { //配置標準的beanFactory，設置ClassLoader，設置SpEL表達式解析器，添加忽略注入的接口，添加bean，添加bean后置處理器等postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);// 實例化并調用所有注冊的beanFactory后置處理器（實現接口BeanFactoryPostProcessor的bean，在beanFactory標準初始化之后執行）。StartupStep beanPostProcess = this.applicationStartup.start('spring.context.beans.post-process');// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);//實例化和注冊beanFactory中擴展了BeanPostProcessor的bean。registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);beanPostProcess.end(); //初始化國際化工具類MessageSourceinitMessageSource(); //初始化事件廣播器initApplicationEventMulticaster(); //模板方法，在容器刷新的時候可以自定義邏輯，不同的Spring容器做不同的事情。onRefresh(); //注冊監聽器，廣播early application eventsregisterListeners(); //實例化所有剩余的（非懶加載）單例//實例化的過程各種BeanPostProcessor開始起作用。finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory); //refresh做完之后需要做的其他事情。//清除上下文資源緩存（如掃描中的ASM元數據）//初始化上下文的生命周期處理器，并刷新（找出Spring容器中實現了Lifecycle接口的bean并執行start()方法）。//發布ContextRefreshedEvent事件告知對應的ApplicationListener進行響應的操作finishRefresh(); } catch (BeansException ex) {if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) { logger.warn('Exception encountered during context initialization - ' + 'cancelling refresh attempt: ' + ex);}// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.destroyBeans();// Reset ’active’ flag.cancelRefresh(ex);// Propagate exception to caller.throw ex; } finally {// Reset common introspection caches in Spring’s core, since we// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...resetCommonCaches();contextRefresh.end(); }} }

三級緩存

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