聽起來您有兩個不同的Spring版本，請檢查您的依賴項，以查看您是否對另一個Spring版本具有依賴項。

mvn dependency:tree -Dverbose -Dincludes=groupId:artifactId解決方法

我有一個SpringBoot應用程序，當我使用來自Intellj的嵌入式服務器運行它時，它運行良好。但是，當我將其打包到.war文件并將其部署在tomcat上時，出現以下錯誤：

org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/file-upload-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]] at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:754) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:730) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:734) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:985) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1857) at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: More than one fragment with the name [spring_web] was found. This is not legal with relative ordering. See section 8.2.2 2c of the Servlet specification for details. Consider using absolute ordering. at org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.WebXml.orderWebFragments(WebXml.java:2200) at org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.WebXml.orderWebFragments(WebXml.java:2159) at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1124) at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:769) at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:299) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:94) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5176) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) ... 10 more21-Jan-2019 01:51:04.709 SEVERE [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR Error deploying web application archive [C:UsersdennismoDevProjectsProduction Prepfile-upload-modulewebappsfile-upload-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war] java.lang.IllegalStateException: ContainerBase.addChild: start: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/file-upload-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]] at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:758) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:730) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:734) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:985) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1857) at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

我的項目不包含多個Web片段，所以我不知道是什么導致了此問題。

pom.xml

<parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from salaryPaymentRequestRepo --> </parent> <properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding><java.version>1.8</java.version><akka.version>2.5.17</akka.version> </properties> <repositories><repository> <id>default</id> <url>http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url></repository> </repositories> <dependencies><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.h2database</groupId> <artifactId>h2</artifactId> <version>1.4.197</version> <scope>compile</scope></dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.univocity</groupId> <artifactId>univocity-parsers</artifactId> <version>2.7.6</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-dataformat-xml</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId> <artifactId>guava</artifactId> <version>26.0-jre</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.mockito</groupId> <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId> <version>2.23.4</version> <scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId> <artifactId>gson</artifactId> <version>2.8.5</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId> <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId> <version>3.11.0</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>ma.glasnost.orika</groupId> <artifactId>orika-core</artifactId> <version>1.4.2</version><!-- or latest version --> <exclusions><exclusion> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> <groupId>org.javassist</groupId></exclusion> </exclusions></dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.typesafe.akka</groupId> <artifactId>akka-actor_2.12</artifactId> <version>${akka.version}</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.typesafe.akka</groupId> <artifactId>akka-stream_2.12</artifactId> <version>${akka.version}</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.typesafe.akka</groupId> <artifactId>akka-persistence_2.12</artifactId> <version>${akka.version}</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.typesafe.akka</groupId> <artifactId>akka-testkit_2.12</artifactId> <version>${akka.version}</version> <scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.oracle</groupId> <artifactId>ojdbc7</artifactId> <version>12.1.0.2</version> <scope>system</scope> <systemPath>${basedir}/src/main/resources/lib/ojdbc7-12.1.0.jar</systemPath></dependency> </dependencies> <build><plugins> <plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin></plugins> </build>